Minor README updates.

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Oleksii Trekhleb 2018-07-30 14:18:56 +03:00
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# Bloom Filter # Bloom Filter
A bloom filter is a space-efficient probabilistic A **bloom filter** is a space-efficient probabilistic
data structure designed to test whether an element data structure designed to test whether an element
is present in a set. It is designed to be blazingly is present in a set. It is designed to be blazingly
fast and use minimal memory at the cost of potential fast and use minimal memory at the cost of potential

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# Graph # Graph
In computer science, a graph is an abstract data type In computer science, a **graph** is an abstract data type
that is meant to implement the undirected graph and that is meant to implement the undirected graph and
directed graph concepts from mathematics, specifically directed graph concepts from mathematics, specifically
the field of graph theory the field of graph theory

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# Hash Table # Hash Table
In computing, a hash table (hash map) is a data In computing, a **hash table** (hash map) is a data
structure which implements an associative array structure which implements an *associative array*
abstract data type, a structure that can map keys abstract data type, a structure that can *map keys
to values. A hash table uses a hash function to to values*. A hash table uses a *hash function* to
compute an index into an array of buckets or slots, compute an index into an array of buckets or slots,
from which the desired value can be found from which the desired value can be found

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# Heap (data-structure) # Heap (data-structure)
In computer science, a heap is a specialized tree-based In computer science, a **heap** is a specialized tree-based
data structure that satisfies the heap property described data structure that satisfies the heap property described
below. below.

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# Linked List # Linked List
In computer science, a linked list is a linear collection In computer science, a **linked list** is a linear collection
of data elements, in which linear order is not given by of data elements, in which linear order is not given by
their physical placement in memory. Instead, each their physical placement in memory. Instead, each
element points to the next. It is a data structure element points to the next. It is a data structure

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# Priority Queue # Priority Queue
In computer science, a priority queue is an abstract data type In computer science, a **priority queue** is an abstract data type
which is like a regular queue or stack data structure, but where which is like a regular queue or stack data structure, but where
additionally each element has a "priority" associated with it. additionally each element has a "priority" associated with it.
In a priority queue, an element with high priority is served before In a priority queue, an element with high priority is served before

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# Queue # Queue
In computer science, a queue is a particular kind of abstract data In computer science, a **queue** is a particular kind of abstract data
type or collection in which the entities in the collection are type or collection in which the entities in the collection are
kept in order and the principle (or only) operations on the kept in order and the principle (or only) operations on the
collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal

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# Stack # Stack
In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves In computer science, a **stack** is an abstract data type that serves
as a collection of elements, with two principal operations: as a collection of elements, with two principal operations:
* **push**, which adds an element to the collection, and * **push**, which adds an element to the collection, and

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* [Segment Tree](segment-tree) - with min/max/sum range queries examples * [Segment Tree](segment-tree) - with min/max/sum range queries examples
* [Fenwick Tree](fenwick-tree) (Binary Indexed Tree) * [Fenwick Tree](fenwick-tree) (Binary Indexed Tree)
In computer science, a tree is a widely used abstract data In computer science, a **tree** is a widely used abstract data
type (ADT) — or data structure implementing this ADT—that type (ADT) — or data structure implementing this ADT—that
simulates a hierarchical tree structure, with a root value simulates a hierarchical tree structure, with a root value
and subtrees of children with a parent node, represented as and subtrees of children with a parent node, represented as

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# AVL Tree # AVL Tree
In computer science, an AVL tree (named after inventors In computer science, an **AVL tree** (named after inventors
Adelson-Velsky and Landis) is a self-balancing binary search Adelson-Velsky and Landis) is a self-balancing binary search
tree. It was the first such data structure to be invented. tree. It was the first such data structure to be invented.
In an AVL tree, the heights of the two child subtrees of any In an AVL tree, the heights of the two child subtrees of any

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# Binary Search Tree # Binary Search Tree
In computer science, binary search trees (BST), sometimes called In computer science, **binary search trees** (BST), sometimes called
ordered or sorted binary trees, are a particular type of container: ordered or sorted binary trees, are a particular type of container:
data structures that store "items" (such as numbers, names etc.) data structures that store "items" (such as numbers, names etc.)
in memory. They allow fast lookup, addition and removal of in memory. They allow fast lookup, addition and removal of

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# RedBlack Tree # RedBlack Tree
A redblack tree is a kind of self-balancing binary search A **redblack tree** is a kind of self-balancing binary search
tree in computer science. Each node of the binary tree has tree in computer science. Each node of the binary tree has
an extra bit, and that bit is often interpreted as the an extra bit, and that bit is often interpreted as the
color (red or black) of the node. These color bits are used color (red or black) of the node. These color bits are used

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# Segment Tree # Segment Tree
In computer science, a segment tree also known as a statistic tree In computer science, a **segment tree** also known as a statistic tree
is a tree data structure used for storing information about intervals, is a tree data structure used for storing information about intervals,
or segments. It allows querying which of the stored segments contain or segments. It allows querying which of the stored segments contain
a given point. It is, in principle, a static structure; that is, a given point. It is, in principle, a static structure; that is,

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# Trie # Trie
In computer science, a trie, also called digital tree and sometimes In computer science, a **trie**, also called digital tree and sometimes
radix tree or prefix tree (as they can be searched by prefixes), radix tree or prefix tree (as they can be searched by prefixes),
is a kind of search tree—an ordered tree data structure that is is a kind of search tree—an ordered tree data structure that is
used to store a dynamic set or associative array where the keys used to store a dynamic set or associative array where the keys