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Minor README updates.
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# Bloom Filter
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# Bloom Filter
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A bloom filter is a space-efficient probabilistic
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A **bloom filter** is a space-efficient probabilistic
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data structure designed to test whether an element
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data structure designed to test whether an element
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is present in a set. It is designed to be blazingly
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is present in a set. It is designed to be blazingly
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fast and use minimal memory at the cost of potential
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fast and use minimal memory at the cost of potential
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# Graph
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# Graph
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In computer science, a graph is an abstract data type
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In computer science, a **graph** is an abstract data type
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that is meant to implement the undirected graph and
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that is meant to implement the undirected graph and
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directed graph concepts from mathematics, specifically
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directed graph concepts from mathematics, specifically
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the field of graph theory
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the field of graph theory
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# Hash Table
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# Hash Table
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In computing, a hash table (hash map) is a data
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In computing, a **hash table** (hash map) is a data
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structure which implements an associative array
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structure which implements an *associative array*
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abstract data type, a structure that can map keys
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abstract data type, a structure that can *map keys
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to values. A hash table uses a hash function to
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to values*. A hash table uses a *hash function* to
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compute an index into an array of buckets or slots,
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compute an index into an array of buckets or slots,
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from which the desired value can be found
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from which the desired value can be found
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# Heap (data-structure)
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# Heap (data-structure)
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In computer science, a heap is a specialized tree-based
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In computer science, a **heap** is a specialized tree-based
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data structure that satisfies the heap property described
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data structure that satisfies the heap property described
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below.
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below.
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# Linked List
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# Linked List
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In computer science, a linked list is a linear collection
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In computer science, a **linked list** is a linear collection
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of data elements, in which linear order is not given by
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of data elements, in which linear order is not given by
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their physical placement in memory. Instead, each
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their physical placement in memory. Instead, each
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element points to the next. It is a data structure
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element points to the next. It is a data structure
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# Priority Queue
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# Priority Queue
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In computer science, a priority queue is an abstract data type
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In computer science, a **priority queue** is an abstract data type
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which is like a regular queue or stack data structure, but where
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which is like a regular queue or stack data structure, but where
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additionally each element has a "priority" associated with it.
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additionally each element has a "priority" associated with it.
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In a priority queue, an element with high priority is served before
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In a priority queue, an element with high priority is served before
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# Queue
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# Queue
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In computer science, a queue is a particular kind of abstract data
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In computer science, a **queue** is a particular kind of abstract data
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type or collection in which the entities in the collection are
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type or collection in which the entities in the collection are
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kept in order and the principle (or only) operations on the
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kept in order and the principle (or only) operations on the
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collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal
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collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal
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# Stack
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# Stack
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In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves
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In computer science, a **stack** is an abstract data type that serves
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as a collection of elements, with two principal operations:
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as a collection of elements, with two principal operations:
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* **push**, which adds an element to the collection, and
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* **push**, which adds an element to the collection, and
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* [Segment Tree](segment-tree) - with min/max/sum range queries examples
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* [Segment Tree](segment-tree) - with min/max/sum range queries examples
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* [Fenwick Tree](fenwick-tree) (Binary Indexed Tree)
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* [Fenwick Tree](fenwick-tree) (Binary Indexed Tree)
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In computer science, a tree is a widely used abstract data
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In computer science, a **tree** is a widely used abstract data
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type (ADT) — or data structure implementing this ADT—that
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type (ADT) — or data structure implementing this ADT—that
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simulates a hierarchical tree structure, with a root value
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simulates a hierarchical tree structure, with a root value
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and subtrees of children with a parent node, represented as
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and subtrees of children with a parent node, represented as
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# AVL Tree
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# AVL Tree
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In computer science, an AVL tree (named after inventors
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In computer science, an **AVL tree** (named after inventors
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Adelson-Velsky and Landis) is a self-balancing binary search
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Adelson-Velsky and Landis) is a self-balancing binary search
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tree. It was the first such data structure to be invented.
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tree. It was the first such data structure to be invented.
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In an AVL tree, the heights of the two child subtrees of any
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In an AVL tree, the heights of the two child subtrees of any
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# Binary Search Tree
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# Binary Search Tree
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In computer science, binary search trees (BST), sometimes called
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In computer science, **binary search trees** (BST), sometimes called
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ordered or sorted binary trees, are a particular type of container:
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ordered or sorted binary trees, are a particular type of container:
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data structures that store "items" (such as numbers, names etc.)
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data structures that store "items" (such as numbers, names etc.)
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in memory. They allow fast lookup, addition and removal of
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in memory. They allow fast lookup, addition and removal of
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# Red–Black Tree
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# Red–Black Tree
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A red–black tree is a kind of self-balancing binary search
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A **red–black tree** is a kind of self-balancing binary search
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tree in computer science. Each node of the binary tree has
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tree in computer science. Each node of the binary tree has
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an extra bit, and that bit is often interpreted as the
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an extra bit, and that bit is often interpreted as the
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color (red or black) of the node. These color bits are used
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color (red or black) of the node. These color bits are used
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# Segment Tree
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# Segment Tree
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In computer science, a segment tree also known as a statistic tree
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In computer science, a **segment tree** also known as a statistic tree
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is a tree data structure used for storing information about intervals,
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is a tree data structure used for storing information about intervals,
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or segments. It allows querying which of the stored segments contain
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or segments. It allows querying which of the stored segments contain
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a given point. It is, in principle, a static structure; that is,
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a given point. It is, in principle, a static structure; that is,
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# Trie
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# Trie
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In computer science, a trie, also called digital tree and sometimes
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In computer science, a **trie**, also called digital tree and sometimes
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radix tree or prefix tree (as they can be searched by prefixes),
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radix tree or prefix tree (as they can be searched by prefixes),
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is a kind of search tree—an ordered tree data structure that is
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is a kind of search tree—an ordered tree data structure that is
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used to store a dynamic set or associative array where the keys
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used to store a dynamic set or associative array where the keys
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