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src/data-structures/tree/merkle-tree/README.md
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# Merkle - Tree # Merkle - Tree
- [Role](https://media-exp1.licdn.com/dms/image/C5112AQHbQzs-tGzrsQ/article-cover_image-shrink_720_1280/0/1537618109250?e=1635984000&v=beta&t=cATJRvRamNOSOdEFDi9EyH1ls3aQ1r_FHD9RXJIPmKY) ![MerkleVisual](https://media-exp1.licdn.com/dms/image/C5112AQHbQzs-tGzrsQ/article-cover_image-shrink_720_1280/0/1537618109250?e=1635984000&v=beta&t=cATJRvRamNOSOdEFDi9EyH1ls3aQ1r_FHD9RXJIPmKY)
## What Is a Merkle Tree? ## What Is a Merkle Tree?
A Merkle tree is a data structure that is used in computer science applications. In bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies​, Merkle trees serve to encode blockchain data more efficiently and securely. A Merkle tree is a data structure that is used in computer science applications. In bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies​, Merkle trees serve to encode blockchain data more efficiently and securely.
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## Algorithm and Implementation ## Algorithm and Implementation
- [Role](https://media-exp1.licdn.com/dms/image/C5112AQEehgC6XD-20Q/article-inline_image-shrink_1000_1488/0/1537618459684?e=1635984000&v=beta&t=jRQinfqEPZvstqnlzklZvUXwyLIjWy6uFkCK3TsMcKQ) ![Algorithm](https://media-exp1.licdn.com/dms/image/C5112AQEehgC6XD-20Q/article-inline_image-shrink_1000_1488/0/1537618459684?e=1635984000&v=beta&t=jRQinfqEPZvstqnlzklZvUXwyLIjWy6uFkCK3TsMcKQ)
A Merkle tree is constructed by recursively hashing pairs of nodes until there is only one hash. A Merkle tree is constructed by recursively hashing pairs of nodes until there is only one hash.
a, b, c, and d are some data elements (files, JSON, etc) and H is a hash function. a, b, c, and d are some data elements (files, JSON, etc) and H is a hash function.
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## Complexity ## Complexity
Merkle trees have very little overhead when compared with hash lists. Binary Merkle trees, like the one pictured above, operate similarly to binary search trees in that their depth is bounded by their branching factor, 2. Included below is worst-case analysis for a Merkle tree with a branching factor of kk. Merkle trees have very little overhead when compared with hash lists. Binary Merkle trees, like the one pictured above, operate similarly to binary search trees in that their depth is bounded by their branching factor, 2. Included below is worst-case analysis for a Merkle tree with a branching factor of kk.
- [Complexity](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40skj48817%2Fmerkle-trees-introduction-to-blockchain-c80c0247046&psig=AOvVaw3kakSbcvZ_Np71aiixWGfK&ust=1630408818280000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCKi2p5nd2PICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD) ![Complexity](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40skj48817%2Fmerkle-trees-introduction-to-blockchain-c80c0247046&psig=AOvVaw3kakSbcvZ_Np71aiixWGfK&ust=1630408818280000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCKi2p5nd2PICFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD)
## References ## References